Global Health Watch: 500,000 oppose White House grant rule, CDC & PEPFAR’s future, global health transition strategy, Gawande & AIDS 2026

Issue 77

More than half a million comments were submitted in response to the White House’s proposal to politicize federal research grants – with a significant majority opposing it. At the same time, questions mounted over the future of the CDC, PEPFAR, and the Administration’s vision for transitioning US global health programs. This week also features reflections from former USAID global health leader Atul Gawande on the human cost of dismantling USAID and the likely discussions ahead at AIDS 2026 on the consequences of US policy changes for HIV programs and global health.

Scientists Respond to Escalating Political Attacks

As the assault on scientific independence continues on multiple fronts, an extraordinary response came from scientists, advocates, universities, professional societies and civil society organizations. It culminated in a wave of submissions as the public comment period ended on Monday for the White House Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) proposed regulation to give political appointees greater authority over federal grant decisions. Nearly 500,000 comments were submitted and analyses published in STAT show nearly 95% opposed the proposal, with many warning it would replace independent peer review with political and ideological oversight, thereby undermining the integrity of publicly-funded biomedical research. At the same time, hundreds of scientists, public health leaders and advocates have signed an open letter supporting former NIAID Director, Anthony Fauci and others who have come under political attack for their work, arguing that defending scientists from intimidation is essential to protecting evidence-based policymaking and the integrity of the US scientific enterprise

IMPLICATIONS: The OMB’s proposed Regulation for Federal Financial Assistance “would politicize grantmaking, dismantle merit-based peer review and severely restrict professional infrastructure necessary for quality research,” AVAC wrote in its comment. While the 500,000 submissions may not stop implementation of this regulation, they could slow the roll-out, set-up impending legal challenges and bolster congressional efforts to intervene. However, together, this all points to growing community recognition and collective action around the importance of safeguarding science now.

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CDC Leadership and PEPFAR’s Future

The US Administration’s nominee to serve as Director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Erica Schwartz faced questions at her Senate confirmation hearing where members pressed her on vaccine science, scientific independence and the CDC’s future under Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Schwartz was criticized for failing to provide direct answers to questions on vaccine safety, political interference in science and CDC guidance. At the same time the hearing was taking place, 84 partners submitted a letter urging Congressional leadership to intervene after the US Department of State confirmed plans to phase out or fundamentally restructure the CDC’s role in implementing PEPFAR, including allowing more than 100 CDC awards to expire without clear replacement mechanisms and transitioning the agency to a fee-for-service technical assistance model.

IMPLICATIONS: Schwartz’s testimony and inability to provide clear responses on vaccine science and scientific independence reinforces concerns about the CDC’s future in evidence-based decision making. This, plus the potential ending to long-standing transfer of PEPFAR resources to CDC, leaves many questions about the CDC’s future role and independence. As the 84 organizations wrote, “coming on the heels of USAID’s closure in 2025, this change removes the last institutional anchor of a proven, lifesaving program. This shift will pull the plug on lifesaving treatment programs serving millions of patients today and destroy public health systems keeping Americans safe from the health threats of tomorrow.”

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Eighteen Months Later: Global Health in Transition 

Just over 18 months into the new US Administration, global health leaders continue to reflect on the human and institutional consequences of the dismantling of USAID and the restructuring of PEPFAR. While greater country ownership has been a shared goal across multiple Presidential Administrations, abrupt funding cuts and weakened technical partnerships risk undermining decades of progress. As former USAID global health leader Atul Gawande said on The New Yorker Radio Hour, “We’ll halt worsening the damage, but it’ll take joint effort to actually stop it and regain our momentum.” Chris Collins of Friends of the Global Fight similarly argues that if the Administration is serious about transitioning from donor-led programs to sustainable national systems, it must pair that vision with predictable financing, stronger country capacity and a deliberate transition plan rather than an accelerated withdrawal

IMPLICATIONS: As implementation of the US Secretary of State’s US global health strategy becomes clearer and the Administration’s bilateral health agreements moves forward, focus must shift to the practical realities of achieving it without reversing gains in HIV epidemic control or weakening broader global health security. These questions will take center stage at AIDS 2026, where multiple sessions will examine the consequences of US policy changes for HIV programs and the future of global health cooperation. See AVAC’s roadmap and resources for Rio.

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AVAC’s Guide to AIDS 2026

Visit AVAC’s conference hub, which shares curated session roadmaps on prevention and AI & HIV, resource hubs on the prevention pipeline, lenacapavir and MK-8527, a schedule of key sessions, and more.

Learn More

What We’re Reading

The Legacy of CASPR: Building the Future of Africa-led HIV Prevention Advocacy 

By Breanne LievenseBarbra Ncube & Navita Jain

The future of HIV prevention will depend not only on scientific breakthroughs, but on advocacy to bring those breakthroughs to communities to achieve impact. With global health undergoing profound change, the way forward requires new models of collaboration that are community-led, locally owned and sustainably funded. The Coalition to Accelerate and Support Prevention Research (CASPR) offers one such model for the field as we collectively work to end the HIV epidemic.

AVAC’s newly released CASPR Impact Report: Celebrating Growth, Inspiring the Future shows what is possible when long-term investment in African leadership, partnerships and advocacy is matched with shared purpose. CASPR proved that community-led coalitions are not just a complement to scientific progress, but are central to this progress. They have proved to be essential to turning innovation into action and ensuring that advances in HIV prevention are shaped by the people and communities they are meant to serve.

CASPR was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and designed by AVAC in collaboration with 13 partners. The project was intended to run from 2016 through 2026, but was paused in early 2025 amidst sweeping cuts to US federal funding for foreign assistance and the dismantling of USAID. During its eight years, CASPR built an Africa-led movement that connected communities, researchers, policymakers, journalists and funders to transform HIV prevention advocacy. CASPR strengthened community leadership, shaped research agendas, improved accountability and helped accelerate the translation of scientific discovery into public health impact.

CASPR built an intergenerational movement that influenced HIV policy, research and implementation. For example, CASPR partners played a pivotal role in ensuring the PURPOSE trials (studying injectable lenacapavir for PrEP) centered affected communities from trial design to results dissemination. CASPR members chaired the PURPOSE 1 global community advisory group (GCAG), held six of its eight seats and ensured young women were included on the GCAG and in the research, from the start. The GCAG also ensured the trial protocol allowed pregnant and breastfeeding individuals to remain in the trial after re-consent, and the Civil Society Caucus for Long-Acting PrEP (a CASPR-supported initiative) pushed Gilead to publicly announce a commitment to ensuring equitable access. CASPR made certain that the trials were conducted ethically and included communities, setting a standard for future clinical research.

At the same time, CASPR partners established the African Women Prevention Community Accountability Board (AWPCAB) as a network led by and for African women, advocating for sustained financial and political commitment to HIV prevention choice. The AWPCAB launched the Choice Manifesto in 2023, securing commitments and endorsements from high-level stakeholders such as Winnie Byanyima, Executive Director of UNAIDS, representatives from USAID and African ministries of health. The Choice Manifesto shifted the global narrative on choice in HIV prevention, elevating it as core to achieving equity in the HIV response. With the Choice Manifesto in hand, CASPR partners achieved significant policy wins, like the inclusion of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring in the Zambia Consolidated Treatment and Prevention Guidelines.

CASPR also redefined how – and by whom – HIV prevention research priorities are set by ensuring that communities most affected by HIV have a direct voice in shaping the research agenda. CASPR developed the People’s Research Agenda (PRA) through a collaborative process with 138 advocates and community representatives from 23 countries. The PRA puts forward community-driven recommendations to strengthen and diversify the HIV prevention research and development (R&D) pipeline, increase investment in prevention research and guide advocacy that reflects the needs of communities from research to rollout. First launched in 2024 and updated in 2025, the PRA serves as a living accountability tool that continues to guide advocates, researchers and funders in ensuring that HIV prevention R&D remains responsive to the people it is intended to serve. It also now provides ongoing analysis of the pipeline of products in various stages of research and development.

Through CASPR, and building on and incorporating the long-standing AVAC Advocacy Fellows program, more than 700 advocates were mentored, almost 400 adolescent girls and young women were trained in HIV prevention literacy and advocacy and emerging leaders across 15 countries strengthened their capacity to influence HIV prevention research, policy and implementation.

“Before the fellowship, I never imagined I could convene high-level policy dialogues, engage decision-makers or negotiate for stronger HIV prevention responses,” said 2022 AVAC Fellow Ruth Akulu. “The fellowship built my capacity, strengthened my confidence and helped me recognize my ability to lead and influence change.” Today, Ruth is the founder and Executive Director of HopeStone Insight Uganda, a forward-thinking organization that seeks to influence economic policy to advance equitable health outcomes and access to quality healthcare.

In addition to advocates, CASPR engaged journalists as essential partners in translating HIV prevention science and fostering public trust. CASPR held over 200 Media Science Cafés, equipping hundreds of journalists across six countries with the knowledge and skills needed to report HIV prevention science accurately. Convened by local journalist organizations, cafés are informal gatherings that bring together journalists, scientists and advocates to discuss the latest HIV prevention and public health updates. The Café program supported by CASPR forged critical cross-sector relationships and facilitated accurate journalism, ultimately leading to community trust of science and R&D. Café journalists played an especially important role in facilitating trust in the wake of complicated or disappointing results, mobilizing their network within hours of results announcements to translate information for the public, ensure robust community engagement and champion continued research efforts.

CASPR succeeded because it invested deeply in local organizations and embraced shared power, co-created strategy and African leadership. CASPR demonstrated the power of coalitions for generating sustainable advocacy, but that building a coalition takes time. After eight successful years of global coalition-building, CASPR leaves five enduring lessons that will continue to shape the future of HIV prevention advocacy: 

  • Shared goals create stronger, more resilient coalitions capable of sustaining collective action through changing political and funding landscapes. 
  • Long-term relationships build trust, effectiveness and collective impact, enabling organizations to move beyond coordination towards genuine collaboration. 
  • Diverse expertise strengthens learning, innovation and problem-solving; it drives effective advocacy anchored by the complementarity of partner strengths. 
  • Documenting and communicating successes is essential for visibility, influence and sustainability. 
  • Intentionally investing in young people and women builds the next generation of advocacy leaders, equipped with confidence, credibility and purpose. 

CASPR’s legacy lives in the resilient organizations and networks it incubated such as the AWPCAB and the Civil Society Caucus, which ensure communities drive HIV prevention research and access, as well as in the tools and resources created for advocates, journalists, policymakers and researchers that are still used today to translate HIV prevention research to rollout.

The foundation built by CASPR is also shaping what comes next. As new networks form and the landscape evolves, CASPR partners and other experienced civil society organizations and advocates from East and Southern Africa are engaged in discussions around what comes next for the future of HIV prevention advocacy and mentorship. Advocates are finding innovative ways to advance a renewed vision for African-led HIV prevention advocacy—one that is collaborative, resilient and designed for the challenges ahead. These initiatives are vital so that communities continue to shape the future of HIV prevention—not simply respond to it.

“One of the many things I take with me [from CASPRis that when you invest in leadership, even when the program or the project closes, the infrastructure remains.”

Rosemary Mburu
Executive Director of WACI Health

The lesson from CASPR is clear: strong, community-led advocacy will safeguard the future of HIV prevention. Coalition models build resilience, strengthen accountability and ensure that scientific advances translate into equitable access. But these networks require sustained investment, trust and time to flourish. With the shift in global health funding, now is the moment to invest in the leaders, partnerships and platforms that have already demonstrated their impact.

AVAC’s Guide to AIDS 2026

The AIDS 2026 conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, starting in less than two weeks, comes at a defining moment for the global HIV response. Under the theme, Rethink. Rebuild. Rise., the conference convenes as the field grapples with funding disruptions, shifting geopolitics and the challenge of sustaining progress while translating scientific breakthroughs into equitable, community-led access. Alongside the latest research, discussions are expected to focus on scaling-up long-acting HIV prevention, strengthening health systems, advancing country ownership, sustaining the research enterprise, and ensuring the HIV response remains grounded in innovation, implementation and investment.

AVAC’s resources below aim to help those attending and those following from afar to navigate the discussion and debate in and around Rio.

Read on for resources and ways to navigate AIDS 2026.

AVAC’s Guides to AIDS 2026

HIV Prevention Session Roadmap
Explore AVAC’s curated roadmap of HIV prevention sessions and key presentations to watch throughout AIDS 2026.

AI and HIV Session Roadmap
AVAC and Audere’s AI & HIV Session Roadmap, features key conference sessions on artificial intelligence in HIV prevention, care, research and global health.

HIV Research & Advocacy Networking Zone

Resources

Resource Hubs

Resource Hub: Lenacapavir for Long-Acting PrEP
The introduction of injectable lenacapavir for HIV PrEP (LEN) is underway–in some places. While the field is moving faster than it did during the first decade of oral PrEP or the rollout of injectable cabotegravir, ensuring LEN—and future prevention options—reach everyone who needs them will require even greater speed, scale and equity. This resource hub contains all the tools, resources and insights on the latest with LEN rollout.

Resource Hub: MK-8527
Expanding prevention choice means investing in a diverse pipeline of HIV prevention options. MK-8527 is an investigational antiretroviral (ARV) once-monthly oral PrEP pill currently in Phase III clinical trials. If proven safe and effective, it could offer another important PrEP option. This resource hub provides advocates with an overview of the MK-8527, the science behind it and the latest on its clinical development. It also houses our guide to MK-8527 at AIDS 20206.

Resource Hub: People’s Research Agenda
The People’s Research Agenda (PRA) sets out a people-centered framework for equitable and accelerated R&D and product introduction. This resource hub offers an online, interactive dashboard for tracking, translating, and advocating for HIV prevention research and development (R&D). It also shows where investments align—or fail to align—with community-defined priorities, and spotlights critical gaps in the pipeline of prevention options needed to meet the diverse realities of all populations.

Pre-conferences, Satellites, Sessions and Workshops Featuring AVAC and Partners

  • Pre-conference: Advancing HIV prevention science and access
    08:00 – 19:00
    Hosted by the International AIDS Society, this pre-conference features six sessions showcasing the latest advances in HIV prevention science and access—including the Global Forecast of Long-Acting PrEP Need for Key Populations (2025–2030), developed jointly by GBGMC and AVAC. AVAC board, staff and partners will also explore the science behind next-generation HIV vaccine candidates and how to translate.

Monday, 27 July

Tuesday, 28 July

  • Symposium: bNAbs for cure: Hope or hype?
    10:30-11:30
    AVAC Board Member Marina Caskey will present in this symposium exploring the promise—and limitations—of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) for HIV cure.

Wednesday, 29 July

Thursday, 30 July

  • Workshop: Skills Lab: Community-led monitoring
    12:00 – 13:30
    Facilitated by the International Treatment Preparedness Coalition (ITPC), NACOSA, the Network of Journalists Living with HIV (JONEHA) and community monitoring experts, including AVAC Senior Advisor Maureen Luba, this interactive workshop will strengthen practical skills in community-led monitoring (CLM).
  • Symposium: From community to innovation to scale
    16:30 – 17:30
    AVAC’s Grace Kumwenda will join community leaders, researchers, clinicians, policymakers and funders to discuss the partnerships, inclusive research and implementation strategies needed to accelerate innovation and ensure equitable access from the outset.
  • Satellite: From choice to impact: Long-acting and multipurpose HIV prevention technologies
    18:00 – 19:30
    Hosted by IPM South Africa, AVAC and Access Bridge’s Kate Segal and Ascend Futures Foundation’s Chilufya Kasanda will join researchers, advocates, implementers and policymakers to examine the latest scientific advances, implementation strategies and pathways to equitable access for long-acting options and MPTs.

Friday, July 31

Follow Us

AVAC will be covering conversations and events at the conference. Be sure to follow along on social and find updates on our AIDS 2026 page.

Global Health Watch: Latest on White House OMB Federal Rx Grant Proposal, Global Fund Gains Stability, New Model for GH Partnerships

Issue 76

As the comment period to oppose the White House Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) proposal to give political appointees greater authority over federal research grants closes next Monday, the Global Fund avoided new ideological restrictions on US funding even as it prepares for a new Executive Director. And new articles and analyses of US bilateral health agreements under the “America First Global Health Strategy” suggest the Administration’s vision for global health is shifting from supporting epidemic control to managing country transitions.

The Latest on the White House OMB’s Proposal Politicizing Federal Grants

The last day to submit comments opposing the OMB’s proposal to give political appointees greater authority over federal research grant decisions is Monday, July 13. The proposal has drawn major and widespread opposition from scientists, advocates, universities, associations, former government officials, the biotechnology industry and members of Congress, all calling out the weakening of a long-standing scientific peer-review process and injection of political considerations into federal funding. The proposal has already drawn more than 93,000 public comments and submissions opposing the rule. See AVAC’s submission. The US Administration aims to finalize the rule by October 1.

IMPLICATIONS: These rules, if adopted, would mandate that federally-funded science align with a politically motivated “America First” agenda aimed at dismantling decades of transformative global collaboration. These rules have the potential to dramatically reshape how federal dollars are spent and who decides, replacing evidence-based decision-making with political priorities. Notably, the published proposed rule specifically and falsely references PEPFAR as justification for increased political scrutiny of federal grants, linking HIV and global health programs to a broader debate over federal spending, oversight and executive authority. For the HIV field, these changes could affect the entire research-to-rollout continuum and global partnerships, at a time when scientific collaboration is necessary to achieving 2030 HIV targets and advancing global health equity.

TAKE ACTION: The proposed rule is still open for public comment through July 13. Click here to comment or see  AVAC’s Action Alert for more instructions. Submitted comments could slow implementation of any changes to the process because the OMB must reply to them all. The outpouring of comments could also persuade Congress, which has repeatedly rejected the Administration’s previous proposals to gut research funding, to use its power to stop these changes. Comments also put into the public record that are not adequately addressed, could be raised again in lawsuits to stop the changes.

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Global Fund Gains Stability Amid Leadership Transition

The US government will continue funding the Global Fund without imposing its expanded global gag rule or other ideological funding conditions to US contributions. This will allow US funding to continue without restrictions related to abortion, diversity, equity and inclusion policies. At its Board meeting this week, the Global Fund also confirmed that its search for a new Executive Director will proceed as planned despite reports that the confidential nomination process might be restarted following media leaks. The Board is expected to appoint its next Executive Director in October.

IMPLICATIONS: While the decision not to impose the expanded global gag rule removes one immediate challenge, the Fund still faces significant financial uncertainty. Its next Executive Director will inherit an organization facing the major challenges of constrained resources, evolving donor expectations and increasing pressure to sustain impact in a changing global health landscape.  

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The New Model for US Global Health Partnerships 

PEPFAR and US bilateral health agreements continue to evolve. This week, Think Global Health expanded its tracker of the US Administration’s bilateral health agreements, showing that 31 countries have now signed five-year agreements that increasingly shift financing and implementation responsibilities to national governments through co-investment and country ownership models. Andrew Green focuses on one country, South Sudan, in a Devex piece that looks at the country’s new three-year, $166 million MoU with the US, noting that while it preserves support for HIV and disease surveillance, funding may be insufficient to offset recent aid reductions and the country may struggle to meet its own financial commitments. 

In a separate analysis, Jirair Ratevosian broke down what five reports from the US Department of State to Congress reveal about the Administration’s vision for global health. He writes, “Read together, these excerpts are overwhelmingly about the mechanics of transition: MOUs, implementation plans, co-investment, funding adjustments, corrective actions, benchmarks, workforce transfer, and reductions in US assistance. There is much less discussion of incidence, viral suppression, advanced disease management, prevention gaps, community systems, or epidemic control… It suggests they are no longer the organizing principle.”  

IMPLICATIONS: These pieces reflect a move toward implementation of the new global health agreements. As implementation continues, we’ll be watching whether the financing assumptions, implementation systems and country commitments that are the foundation of these agreements are sufficient enough to sustain HIV and broader health gains. As Ratevosian notes, “Every Administration has its own priorities. But organizing principles matter because they determine what leaders measure, what they reward, and ultimately what they protect. When transition becomes the primary frame, there is a risk that epidemic control becomes something assumed rather than something actively managed.” 

In a separate analysis, Jirair Ratevosian broke down what five reports from the US Department of State to Congress reveal about the Administration’s vision for global health. He writes, “Read together, these excerpts are overwhelmingly about the mechanics of transition: MOUs, implementation plans, co-investment, funding adjustments, corrective actions, benchmarks, workforce transfer, and reductions in US assistance. There is much less discussion of incidence, viral suppression, advanced disease management, prevention gaps, community systems, or epidemic control… It suggests they are no longer the organizing principle.”

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What We’re Reading

Presenting at AIDS2026?

Access AVAC’s latest infographics on the research and development pipeline, prevention options, and the impact of US funding cuts.

Access the Graphics

Best of AVAC’s Advocacy Guides

The AIDS 2026 conference is fast approaching. To help advocates stay informed and engaged, AVAC has curated a collection of its Advocates’ Guides covering the science, policy, implementation and advocacy conversations shaping the future of the HIV/AIDS response. Developed with partners across the field, these guides help translate complex science and policy to help inform advocacy before, during and after the conference.

For those presenting at AIDS 2026, please check out AVAC’s slide deck containing the latest infographics on the research & development pipelines, the delivery of new prevention options and the impact of US funding cuts on foreign assistance and on research and science. We will be continuously updating it, so be sure to check back for updates as the conference approaches.

The introduction of injectable lenacapavir for HIV PrEP (LEN) is underway–in some places at least. To ensure communities remain at the center of LEN rollout, this new Advocates’ Checklist for Lenacapavir for PrEP Introduction is an immediate, actionable blueprint. And read more in this blog by the co-chairs of the Civil Society Caucus of the Coalition to Accelerate Access to Long-Acting PrEP and AVAC staff.



Planning For MK-8527

Expanding prevention choice means investing in a diverse pipeline of HIV prevention options. MK-8527 is an investigational antiretroviral (ARV) once-monthly oral PrEP pill that is currently in Phase III clinical trials. If proven safe and effective, it could offer another important PrEP option. This resource provides advocates with an overview of the MK-8527, the science behind it and the latest on its clinical development.  


Podcast: The Future of PrEP

AVAC’s Executive Director Mitchell Warren joined ITPC’s Make Medicines Affordable podcast to discuss the future of PrEP. While Lenacapavir is a transformative option for HIV prevention, Warren shares what it will take to ensure it reaches the people who need it most.


Download the Latest Infographics from AVAC


Presenting at AIDS 2026?

These graphics are updated regularly, so be sure to check back.  


Additional Resources

  • People’s Research Agenda: This people-centered framework guides equitable and accelerated HIV prevention research, development and product introduction. It tracks scientific progress, assesses whether investments align with community-defined priorities, and identifies critical gaps in the prevention pipeline needed to meet the diverse needs and preferences of all populations 
  • HIV Prevention Product Overview: The graphic provides an overview of PrEP products currently available and in late-stage clinical trials. 
  • Lenacapavir Resource Hub: Your one-stop resource for all things lenacapavir, this page brings together the latest news, advocacy resources, scientific updates, implementation tools and infographics to help advocates stay informed and ensure LEN rolls out with speed, scale and equity. 

P.S. On Tuesday, July 14 AVAC and partners will share the impact stories of ten years of the Coalition to Accelerate and Support Prevention Research (CASPR). We hope you’ll join us

Global Health Watch: Global Governance Shifts, ACIP Charter + Vaccine Policy, PEPFAR Transition

Issue 75

As many in the United States pause to commemorate Independence Day – and, hopefully, re-commit to the fundamental principles of democracy – the global health community continues to navigate the far-reaching effects of US policy decisions. Institutions are changing, governance is being redefined and the systems that have underpinned the global HIV response are being reshaped. This issue covers developments in global health governance, the continued restructuring of US vaccine policy and growing concerns that PEPFAR’s transition is outpacing the systems needed to sustain it.

Global Governance Shifts

The last two weeks, and the week ahead, mark key moments for global health governance with implications for the HIV response. Last week, for the first time in 25 years, UN Member States adopted a new Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS with a vote (with the US voting no), as opposed to the historic consensus of all past declarations. This week, both the UNAIDS Programme Coordinating Board (PCB) and the Unitaid Executive Board met against the backdrop of financial strain and uncertainty. Conversations and debates about their future roles continued, including questions about UNAIDS’ future structure within the UN system. Next week, the Global Fund Board will meet as it prepares to select its next Executive Director who is expected to shape the Fund’s strategic direction during one of the most challenging periods in its history.

IMPLICATIONS: In all these meetings, there is a reassessment of each entity and a reenvisioning of how global health organizations will coordinate, finance and sustain the HIV response in an era of constrained resources and shifting geopolitical priorities. As countries work toward the 2030 goal of ending AIDS as a public health threat, the decisions made by these governing bodies in the coming weeks will help determine whether and how the HIV response maintains the leadership, financing, accountability, collaboration and civil society engagement needed to carry the response forward.

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US HHS Rewrites ACIP Charter, Further Reshaping US Vaccine Policy

The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) issued a new charter for the CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), broadening the Committee’s mandate and reducing the qualifications required for membership. Previously, vaccine expertise was a requirement, but the revised charter states that members should collectively represent a “balanced range of scientific, clinical, and public health expertise”. The new charter also expands the Committee’s focus beyond reviewing vaccines to considering alternative approaches to disease prevention.

IMPLICATIONS: This is the latest step in the restructuring of ACIP. By broadening the Committee’s remit and redefining membership qualifications, vaccine policymaking is further politicized and vaccine confidence continues to erode. This creates further instability and uncertainty for vaccine manufacturers, healthcare providers and immunization programs worldwide.

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PEPFAR In Transition

Two commentaries this week recognize the breaking point to which PEPFAR is nearing. The Health Security Policy Academy argues that despite the temporary extensions, which have kept and continue to keep parts of PEPFAR operating, the US Department of State has not yet built a viable implementation system to keep HIV treatment, supply chains, laboratories and community programs working. At the same time, Emily Bass, Yvette Raphael, Nono Eland and colleagues at Physicians for Human Rights argue in Think Global Health that the planned phase-out of all US PEPFAR support for South Africa by early 2027 is not a routine transition to country ownership, and caution that this accelerated withdrawal risks severed disruption to HIV prevention, surveillance, research and community programs that have long depended on US partnership.

IMPLICATIONS: Without a clear implementation strategy and carefully managed country transitions, these abrupt changes to PEPFAR threaten essential HIV services. A more deliberate, evidence-based approach that preserves critical infrastructure while supporting long-term country ownership is needed. “The dismantling of USAID showed what happens when the Administration destroys an operating system before a replacement exists. That chaos was not an accident, but it was sudden,” writes the Health Security Policy Academy. It remains even less clear what happens next with leadership transitions at the State Department: Jeremy Lewin who has led the State Department’s foreign aid bureau for the last year is heading to the National Security Council, and is being replaced by Andrew Veprek, who has pushed immigration and refugee restrictions at the State Department – and confirmation hearings are yet to be scheduled for Johnny Figueroa as the ambassador-at-large for global health security and diplomacy and PEPFAR.

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What We’re Reading

Protecting Science. Advancing HIV Prevention. Preparing for What’s Next | New AVAC Resources

Global health is being reshaped by rapid geopolitical shifts, scientific breakthroughs and the growing role of artificial intelligence — creating both new opportunities and new challenges. Translating scientific breakthroughs into impact requires protecting research, advancing equitable access and ensuring communities are at the center. Explore AVAC’s latest resources to help navigate and shape what comes next.

Think Global Health: NIH Budget Cuts Threaten HIV Research

AVAC’s Stacey Hannah and Mitchell Warren remind us in Think Global Health that “at a moment when scientific progress is advancing, advocates, researchers, policymakers, and communities should push back against politically motivated, fringe, antivaccine sentiments that threaten decades of investment to develop the tool that would finally break the back of the epidemic.” 


From Anticipation to Action: The Civil Society Advocates’ Checklist for Lenacapavir for PrEP 

The introduction of injectable lenacapavir for HIV PrEP (LEN) is underway–in some places at least. To ensure communities remain at the center of LEN rollout, this new Advocates’ Checklist for Lenacapavir for PrEP Introduction is an immediate, actionable blueprint designed to help civil society organizations (CSOs) and global health advocates pressure-test government commitments, map implementation bottlenecks and demand equitable access. The checklist is designed to support faster, community-centered rollout ahead of broader generic availability in 2027, as described by the co-chairs of the Civil Society Caucus of the Coalition to Accelerate Access to Long-Acting PrEP and AVAC staff.


The Future Won’t Build Itself: Sustaining the Movement CASPR Started

Tuesday, 14 July @ 9:00am EDT  16:00 EAT 

Join AVAC and partners to hear the impact stories of ten years of the Coalition to Accelerate and Support Prevention Research (CASPR). Established in 2016, CASPR was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and designed by AVAC with leading civil society partners to influence HIV prevention research, policy and implementation. With attacks on global health and shrinking resources dismantling hard-won gains, the lessons from CASPR are a call for continued action: strong, community-led advocacy is indispensable to safeguard the future of HIV prevention.


Community First: Practical Strategies for Inclusive Implementation Science

Wednesday, 15 July @ 11:00am EDT  18:00 EAT 

Join The Choice Agenda and Hunter College’s Sarit Golub for a participatory discussion on implementation science – including opportunities, pitfalls and ways in which community leadership is essential to success. What are the different types of implementation science, and how do we move forward with community and front-line implementers at the helm? 


AI & HIV Newsletter

ICYMI, AVAC launched the AI & HIV Newsletter, a new quarterly resource highlighting the latest tools, research, policy developments and news at the intersection of AI and HIV. Designed for advocates and the global community and guided by an expert advisory board, the newsletter provides readers with the information and resources to engage with AI in ways that strengthen equity, protect individuals and communities and prioritize their inclusion, and ensure that technological innovation advances the HIV response. 


12 Days Remain: Add Your Voice to Stop OMB’s Attack on American Science

DEADLINE: JULY 13: Proposed new regulations by the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) would use budgetary and regulatory tools to bypass longstanding scientific peer-review and congressional processes, including withholding appropriated funds, restructuring federal agencies, and proposing rules that would give political appointees greater influence over research funding decisions. Public comments are due by July 13th – please consider taking action and visit Stand Up for Science’s STOP OMB portal now.


The pace of change in global health is not slowing and neither is the need for informed, coordinated advocacy. Look out for our AIDS 2026 conference roadmap and more resources coming soon! 

From Anticipation to Action: The Civil Society Advocates’ Checklist for Lenacapavir for PrEP 

By Co-Chairs of the Civil Society Caucus of the Coalition to Accelerate Access to Long-Acting PrEP Chilufya Kasanda, Kenneth Mwehonge, Numan Afifi and AVAC staff supporting the Caucus Navita Jain & Bridget Jjuuko

The landscape of HIV prevention is shifting beneath our feet. We have officially moved from the anticipation of long-acting options to the gritty, urgent work of early implementation, and translating biomedical options into actual choices for people.

The most recent new option is injectable lenacapavir (LEN) for PrEP – a six-monthly subcutaneous injection that offers near perfect protection from HIV. With LEN implementation ongoing in nine African countries as part of Global Fund and PEPFAR support to 24 “Early Adopter” countries, the question is no longer if LEN will arrive, but how fast we can get it to the communities who need it most and build a sustainable, scalable market.

To ensure community leadership sits at the center of this rollout, the Advocates’ Checklist for Lenacapavir for PrEP Introduction was designed as an immediate, actionable blueprint to help civil society organizations (CSOs) and global health advocates pressure-test government commitments, map implementation bottlenecks and demand equitable access. Whether your country is currently on the early adopter list or you are fiercely campaigning for its inclusion, this checklist outlines the essential questions we all need to be asking our Ministries of Health, technical partners and funders.

Why This Checklist? Why Now?

While the field eagerly prepares for the entry of generic LEN supplies into the market in 2027, we cannot afford to simply wait for that eventuality. The demand and need for LEN is immediate – and the sooner we create demand, the sooner generics will make larger volumes at lower prices. Advancing LEN rollout now, as quickly and as large as possible, translates directly into preventable HIV infections and signals strong demand to generic manufacturers as they prepare to enter the market and to donors as they plan for larger-scale procurement. Advocates need to push for speedy and equitable access to LEN right now, while simultaneously preparing national systems for a multi-producer generic market tomorrow.

The checklist breaks down advocacy targets into five critical pillars:

  • Regulatory & Policy Alignment: Moving LEN from regulatory approval to formal integration into National HIV Prevention Guidelines alongside oral PrEP, long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) and the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring (DVR).
  • Financing & Procurement: Holding funders accountable to the “3 Million in 3 Years” target for providing access to LEN for prevention, and treating that commitment as a floor, not a ceiling. Ensuring robust demand forecasts are developed and financing plans reflect both procurement and program needs.
  • Supply Chain & Site Readiness: Using technical tools to track whether orders sitting at the Global Fund are actually reaching central warehouses and frontline clinics.
  • Demand Generation & Community Leadership: Fighting back against the “slow rollout” narrative and embedding LEN into comprehensive, integrated choice campaigns rather than letting it be siloed.
  • Accountability & Monitoring: Securing dedicated civil society seats on National Technical Working Groups and deploying Community-Led Monitoring (CLM) to track stock-outs and document real-world access barriers.

Working together, partners from Ascend Futures Foundation, APCOM, HEPS Uganda and AVAC, representing members of the Civil Society Caucus of the Coalition to Accelerate Access to Long-Acting PrEP, lent their expertise and localized insights to create this tool for the global community. It is the newest in a suite of resources available on PrEPWatch to support LEN rollout, including the LEN Resource Toolkit and the Long-Acting PrEP Status Dashboard.

With this tool in hand, now is the time to turn high-level commitments into real choices at the clinic level. For questions or comments about the checklist, contact us at [email protected].


Get Involved: Download and Share the Checklist: Access the full PDF tool to start auditing your country’s readiness. 

Track Progress Live: Keep an eye on global efforts and view continuously updated, country-specific progress trackers on PrEPWatch.

“Lenacapavir has the potential to transform HIV prevention, but its true impact will depend on whether it expands choice rather than replaces it. No single prevention method will work for everyone. Ending new HIV infections requires a prevention ecosystem where every individual can choose the option that best fits their needs, preferences and circumstances.”

Chilufya Hampongo
Executive Director of Ascend Futures Foundation and co-chair of the CS Caucus

“Asia and the Pacific account for nearly one in six people living with HIV globally. For us, global access is about ensuring that new prevention tools do not remain available only in a handful of countries but can reach the millions of people across our region who could benefit from them. That’s how scientific innovation translates into public health impact.”

Numan Afifi
Senior Policy and Research Officer at APCOM and co-chair of the CS Caucus

“Lenacapavir has the potential to transform HIV prevention in high-burden countries. For governments, it is more than a new product—it is an opportunity to prevent infections more effectively, expand choice, reach underserved populations, and reduce the long-term social and economic costs of HIV. If introduced equitably and at scale, LEN could become one of the most important tools in accelerating progress towards ending AIDS as a public health threat.”

Kenneth Mwehonge
Executive Director of HEPS Uganda and co-chair of the CS Caucus

The Future Won’t Build Itself: Sustaining the Movement CASPR Started

On Tuesday, July 14, AVAC and partners discussed the impact stories of ten years of the Coalition to Accelerate and Support Prevention Research (CASPR). Established in 2016, CASPR was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and designed by AVAC in collaboration with leading civil society partners to influence HIV prevention research, policy and implementation.

CASPR was paused in early 2025 amidst sweeping cuts to US federal funding for foreign assistance and the dismantling of USAID. Yet the Coalition’s impact did not end there, it built an intergenerational movement that continues today.

And with attacks on global health and shrinking resources dismantling hard-won gains, the lessons from CASPR are a call for continued action: strong, community-led advocacy is indispensable to safeguard the future of HIV prevention.

Coalition members from APHA and Internews shared how they transformed HIV prevention – helping to shape ethical research practices, amplifying community leadership, influencing policy, and ensuring that the voices of those most affected by HIV help guide research and access agendas – as well as their action plan for the future.

We hope you’ll join us.

Global Health Watch: New Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS, End of US PEPFAR Support for South Africa + Treatment Declines

Issue 74

UN member states adopted a new Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS reaffirming global commitments to end AIDS by 2030, but for the first time since 2001, the declaration was not adopted by consensus – and with the US notably voting against it. At the same time, last week’s news that the US Department of State is assuming greater control over PEPFAR is followed this week by the phase-out of US PEPFAR support for South Africa and new analyses showing PEPFAR-supported HIV treatment declined in 2025, following the US Administration’s foreign aid freeze. Also, for organizations in the US, please consider signing Partners in Health’s Letter to Protect CDC PEPFAR Programs.

UN HIV Declaration Adopted Amid Deep Political Divisions

The UN General Assembly adopted a new Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS this week reaffirming global commitments to end AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. However, for the first time since political declarations on HIV began in 2001, the declaration was not adopted by consensus. And importantly, the US delegation voted against the declaration. Deputy US Representative to the UN, Tammy Bruce, said in a comment rejecting the declaration that it strayed too far from the targets for ending AIDS “by including divisive topics”. The declaration acknowledges that progress toward the 2030 goal is off track, highlighting widening funding gaps, disruptions to HIV services, and persistent barriers faced by populations at high risk of HIV. Advocates and civil society played an important role in ensuring the declaration included commitments to evidence-based, rights-based HIV responses and renewed calls for sustained investment in prevention, treatment and community-led services.

IMPLICATIONS: The divided vote underscores how geopolitical tensions and domestic politics in the US are shaping global health policy at a moment when the HIV response faces its greatest financing crisis. While the declaration provides an important political framework for countries and advocates, it carries no binding obligations and offers few concrete answers to address the growing funding shortfall as nationalism rises and development assistance falls. The US government’s opposition marks an insular, ideologically driven retreat from longstanding consensus for rights-based HIV programming, particularly for key populations who continue to bear a disproportionate burden of HIV. This is consistent with the harmful policies and positions the US Administration has taken against communities vulnerable to HIV including the Promoting Human Flourishing in Foreign Assistance (PHFFA) and the invisibility of vulnerable populations in the most recent PEPFAR data.

In response, global civil society groups led by Health GAP have elevated the People’s Declaration on HIV/AIDS as a counter to the resulting Political Declaration. Over 400 organizations signed onto the People’s Declaration, illustrating a major show of power and call for action by governments to reaffirm commitments, rights, and investments to end HIV for everyone, everywhere.

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US Ending PEPFAR in South Africa

The US Administration abruptly announced its intention to end PEPFAR support in South Africa, with funding expected to terminate by early 2027. The decision is part of the Administration’s broader retrenchment from foreign assistance and is related to political disagreements with the South African government. South Africa receives more than $400 million annually through PEPFAR, which supports health workers, prevention programs and service delivery. This decision marks one of the most consequential changes to PEPFAR since its creation in 2003, with significant implications in envisioning an end to the HIV epidemic – in South Africa and globally. This news follows the Administration’s Executive Order in February 2025, which made baseless claims about South Africa, and the March 2025 decision to “hold all research awards” for South Africa after designating it a “country of concern”. At the time, AVAC told Bhekisisa, “It is very clear that the President is using budgets and terminations of previously agreed to programmes to redefine agendas… that defy science and are clearly political and ideological.”

IMPLICATIONS: The PEPFAR withdrawal from South Africa reinforces the shift away from evidence to ideology, moving from long-term global health partnerships toward a more transactional foreign policy model. These short-sighted decisions come despite the historical South Africa-USA partnership that has catalyzed scientific research and program impact for HIV prevention and treatment, where the country plays a vital role in clinical research, development of cutting-edge prevention technologies, and implementing models for treatment, care and prevention. Although South Africa finances its own antiretroviral medicines, PEPFAR supports important aspects of the health workforce, community-based prevention and services for key populations. A rapid withdrawal will disrupt testing, prevention and services, placing additional strain on the country battling the largest HIV epidemic. Furthermore, the end to PEPFAR funding along with the severance of National Institutes of Health (NIH) research partnerships, cuts off a country that is central to ending the global epidemic and one that continues to inform the science of HIV and tuberculosis treatment and prevention.

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New Analysis Shows Decline in PEPFAR-Supported HIV Treatment

A new analysis published in Nature Health finds that PEPFAR-supported HIV treatment declined in 2025 following the US Administration’s foreign aid freeze, with approximately 2 million fewer people reported as receiving PEPFAR-supported antiretroviral therapy than in 2024 (a 10% decrease). Of the 26 countries examined, treatment support fell across all, though some of the decline reflects changes in how PEPFAR classifies and reports treatment support rather than patients losing access to care. South Africa was called out in the analyses, accounting for most of the treatment declines—individuals previously counted as receiving direct PEPFAR support were reclassified as benefiting from broader health system investments, resulting in a net treatment decline of about 95,000 people (1.8%). The authors conclude a “decline of ∼1.73 million individuals on direct PEPFAR-supported treatment and an increase of ∼1.64 million individuals on treatment benefitting solely from the programme’s broader support to health systems, yielding a net treatment loss of 94,881 (−1.8%)”.

IMPLICATIONS: As the authors conclude, “while the analysis cannot determine whether and to what extent declines will translate into reduced individual- or population-level treatment outcomes, a reduction in PEPFAR-supported treatment of this scale within a single fiscal year raises concerns.” The data underscore the significant disruptions caused by funding uncertainty and restructuring across the program.

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Add Your Voice to Stop OMB’s Attack on American Science

Proposed new regulations by the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) would use budgetary and regulatory tools to bypass longstanding scientific peer-review and congressional processes, including withholding appropriated funds, restructuring federal agencies, and proposing rules that would give political appointees greater influence over research funding decisions. Public comments are due by July 13th – please consider taking action and visit Stand Up for Science’s STOP OMB portal now.


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